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Immobilization of

Xiaokai SONG,Zhongyi JIANG,Lin LI,Hong WU

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第3期   页码 353-361 doi: 10.1007/s11705-014-1421-2

摘要： Mesoporous silica particles were prepared for efficient immobilization of the -glucuronidase (GUS) through a biomimetic mineralization process, in which the solution containing lysozyme and GUS were added into the prehydrolyzed tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) solution. The silica particles were formed in a way of biomineralization under the catalysis of lysozyme and GUS was immobilized into the silica particles simultaneously during the precipitation process. The average diameter of the silica particles is about 200 nm with a pore size of about 4 nm. All the enzyme molecules are tightly entrapped inside the biosilica nanoparticles without any leaching even under a high ionic strength condition. The immobilized GUS exhibits significantly higher thermal and pH stability as well as the storage and recycling stability compared with GUS in free form. No loss in the enzyme activity of the immobilized GUS was found after 30-day’s storage, and the initial activity could be well retained after 12 repeated cycles.

关键词： storage and recycling stability     silica nanoparticles     biocatalysis     biomimetic synthesis     β-glucuronidase encapsulation    

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Continuous reaction performances of benzene alkylation with long chain olefins catalyzed by ionic liquid

QIAO Congzhen, LI Chengyue

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2008年 第2卷 第1期   页码 69-73 doi: 10.1007/s11705-008-0014-3

摘要： Based on a compulsive mixing-reacting-separating-recycling small experimental setup,the continuous reaction performances of benzene alkylation with long chain olefins catalyzed by [BMIM]Cl-AlCl ionic liquid were investigated. Three different situations including normal continuous operation mode (reagent materials), sidetrack feeding from different axial positions along the static mixing reactor (reagent materials) and normal continuous alkylation using industrial paraffin and olefins materials were examined. Even under the relatively hypecritical reaction conditions, the single pass conversion of pure 1-dodecene could reach to nearly 100.0%, and the selectivity of 2-phenyl isomer was higher than 37.7%. Although the positions along the reactor for sidetrack feeding were different, the 100.0% single pass conversion of 1-dodecene was also attained before the outlet of the reactor. The refined industrial olefins as raw material could meet with the requirements of continuous alkylation. The influences of impurities such as di-olefins and non-benzene aromatics on the catalytic activity and stability should be studied further.

关键词： stability     different     hypecritical     compulsive mixing-reacting-separating-recycling     non-benzene    

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Design method and verification of a hybrid prosthetic mechanism with energy-damper clutchable device for transfemoral amputees

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第16卷 第4期   页码 747-764 doi: 10.1007/s11465-021-0644-4

摘要： Transfemoral amputees (TAs) have difficulty in mobility during walking, such as restricted movement of lower extremity and body instability, yet few transfemoral prostheses have explored human-like multiple motion characteristics by simple structures to fit the kinesiology, biomechanics, and stability of human lower extremity. In this work, the configurations of transfemoral prosthetic mechanism are synthesized in terms of human lower-extremity kinesiology. A hybrid transfemoral prosthetic (HTP) mechanism with multigait functions is proposed to recover the gait functions of TAs. The kinematic and mechanical performances of the designed parallel mechanism are analyzed to verify their feasibility in transfemoral prosthetic mechanism. Inspired by motion–energy coupling relationship of the knee, a wearable energy-damper clutched device that can provide energy in knee stance flexion to facilitate the leg off from the ground and can impede the leg’s swing velocity for the next stance phase is proposed. Its co-operation with the springs in the prismatic pairs enables the prosthetic mechanism to have the energy recycling ability under the gait rhythm of the knee joint. Results demonstrate that the designed HTP mechanism can replace the motion functions of the knee and ankle to realize its multimode gait and effectively decrease the peak power of actuators from 94.74 to 137.05 W while maintaining a good mechanical adaptive stability.

关键词： hybrid transfemoral prosthetic mechanism     energy recycling     wearable mechanical clutched device     mechanical adaptive stability    

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Copper fractal growth during recycling from waste printed circuit boards by slurry electrolysis

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1405-7

摘要：

• Copper fractal growth was observed during WPCBs recycling by slurry electrolysis.

关键词： Dendritic copper     Fractal growth     WPCBs     Slurry electrolysis    

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EXPLORING THE RECYCLING OF MANURE FROM URBAN LIVESTOCK FARMS: A CASE STUDY IN ETHIOPIA

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第8卷 第1期

摘要：

• Livestock manure was the main organic waste in urban and peri-urban areas.

• Manure production will increase by a factor of 3–10 between 2015–2050.

• Only 13%–38% of excreted N by livestock will be recycled in croplands.

• Intensification of urban livestock production greatly increased N surpluses.

• Reducing population growth and increasing livestock productivity needed.

 

Urban population growth is driving the expansion of urban and peri-urban agriculture (UPA) in developing countries. UPA is providing nutritious food to residents but the manures produced by UPA livestock farms and other wastes are not properly recycled. This paper explores the effects of four scenarios: (1) a reference scenario (business as usual), (2) increased urbanization, (3) UPA intensification, and (4) improved technology, on food-protein self-sufficiency, manure nitrogen (N) recycling and balances for four different zones in a small city (Jimma) in Ethiopia during the period 2015-2050. An N mass flow model with data from farm surveys, field experiments and literature was used. A field experiment was conducted and N use efficiency and N fertilizer replacement values differed among the five types of composts derived from urban livestock manures and kitchen wastes. The N use efficiency and N fertilizer replacement values were used in the N mass flow model.

Livestock manures were the main organic wastes in urban areas, although only 20 to 40% of animal-sourced food consumed was produced in UPA, and only 14 to 19% of protein intake by residents was animal-based. Scenarios indicate that manure production in UPA will increase 3 to 10 times between 2015 and 2050, depending on urbanization and UPA intensification. Only 13 to 38% of manure N will be recycled in croplands. Farm-gate N balances of UPA livestock farms will increase to>1 t·ha−1 in 2050. Doubling livestock productivity and feed protein conversion to animal-sourced food will roughly halve manure N production.

Costs of waste recycling were high and indicate the need for government incentives. Results of these senarios are wake-up calls for all stakeholders and indicate alternative pathways.

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Energy storage resources management: Planning, operation, and business model

《工程管理前沿（英文）》   页码 373-391 doi: 10.1007/s42524-022-0194-4

摘要： With the acceleration of supply-side renewable energy penetration rate and the increasingly diversified and complex demand-side loads, how to maintain the stable, reliable, and efficient operation of the power system has become a challenging issue requiring investigation. One of the feasible solutions is deploying the energy storage system (ESS) to integrate with the energy system to stabilize it. However, considering the costs and the input/output characteristics of ESS, both the initial configuration process and the actual operation process require efficient management. This study presents a comprehensive review of managing ESS from the perspectives of planning, operation, and business model. First of all, in terms of planning and configuration, it is investigated from capacity planning, location planning, as well as capacity and location combined planning. This process is generally the first step in deploying ESS. Then, it explores operation management of ESS from the perspectives of state assessment and operation optimization. The so-called state assessment refers to the assessment of three aspects: The state of charge (SOC), the state of health (SOH), and the remaining useful life (RUL). The operation optimization includes ESS operation strategy optimization and joint operation optimization. Finally, it discusses the business models of ESS. Traditional business models involve ancillary services and load transfer, while emerging business models include electric vehicle (EV) as energy storage and shared energy storage.

关键词： energy storage system     energy storage resources management     planning configuration     operational management     business model    

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Assessing the potential of crop residue recycling in China and technology options based on a bottom-up

Lili QU,Tianzhu ZHANG,Wei LU

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第4期   页码 570-579 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0604-2

摘要： Crop residues are an important biomass, and are significant in the sustainable development of China. This paper uses the Grey-Markov modeling approach, the cost-benefit analysis method, and the constraint optimization method to establish the potential of crop residue recycling in China (CRRC) using a bottom-up analysis. Taking 2010 as the baseline year, the CRRC model is used to determine the quantity trends of crop residue resources, simulating the recycling potential and selecting key crop residue recycling technologies for operation between 2010 and 2030. The results illustrate that the total residue output from different crops will gradually increase to 1062 million tons in 2030. The proportion of crop residue for field burning is expected to decrease as a result of guidance and support from the government. Market mechanisms are also improving the development of the crop residue recycling industry. The economic benefit of crop residue recycling is expected to be worth 132 billion CNY in 2030 according to technology structure options. Key crop residue recycling technologies preferred such as liquefaction, amination, silo, co-firing straw power and composting will account for more than 85% of the total benefits.

关键词： China     crop residue     recycling potential     technology options    

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资源循环

邱定蕃

《中国工程科学》 2002年 第4卷 第10期   页码 31-35

摘要：

资源是一个国家可持续发展的基础。人类不能无限制地开发自然资源（矿物），而应该尽可能反复利用,逐步建立起资源循环。资源循环学，就是研究如何利用这些产物建立循环系统的科学。资源循环是一个规律，是人类与自然和谐共处、可持续发展的必由之路。资源开发又与环境污染密切相关。尽早建立资源循环型社会，有可能从根本上解决资源短缺和环境污染问题。建立资源循环型社会是一个系统工程，需要政府重视，制定相应法律，科技、教育先行和全社会的共同努力。

关键词： 资源     资源循环     资源开发     资源型社会    

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加快我国新能源汽车动力电池回收利用的建议

赵世佳,徐楠,乔英俊,杨波

《中国工程科学》 2018年 第20卷 第1期   页码 144-148 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2018.01.021

摘要：

在国家政策引导和支持下，我国新能源汽车产业发展迅猛，预计到2020年新能源汽车保有量将超过500万辆。随之而来的新能源汽车动力电池回收利用问题成为行业内的重大议题。动力电池如不进行有效回收处理，将造成严重的环境污染及资源浪费。美、德、日等发达国家均已提前布局动力电池回收领域。本文对我国新能源汽车动力电池回收利用存在的问题开展深入分析，为我国加快动力电池发展提出具体的建议。

关键词： 新能源汽车     动力电池     回收    

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Optimal Timing and Recycling Operation Mode for Electro-Mechanical Products Active Remanufacturing

Wang Gao,Tao Li,Shi-tong Peng,Liang Wang,Hong-chao Zhang

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2016年 第3卷 第2期   页码 115-122 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2016019

摘要： The uncertainties of remanufactured products in multi-life cycle service, such as injury and restoration process route, are comprehensively analyzed in the present study from perspectives of cost and the environment. Based on life cycle assessment method and the life cycle cost analysis, the optimal timing model of active remanufacturing for electro-mechanical products is established considering these uncertainties. In addition, regarding the active remanufacturing as its guidance, this study explores the economic efficiency and corresponding operation mode of electro-mechanical products when recycling in the optimal timing. To validate the optimal timing model for electro-mechanical products active remanufacturing, a specific type of product is taken as a case study with mathematical statistics method and Monte Carlo simulation.

关键词： electro-mechanical products     active remanufacturing     optimal timing     reverse logistics     recycling mode    

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Recycling Materials from Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment

Jinhui Li

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第5期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-017-1001-z

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The Building of Papermaking Enterprise’s Recycling Economy Evaluation Index System Based on Value Flow

Zhi-fang Zhou,Jing Ou,Sha-sha Wang,Xiao-hong Chen

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2016年 第3卷 第1期   页码 9-17 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2016009

摘要： At present, the research on circular economy has made a lot of substantive results both at home and abroad. But for the papermaking enterprise, which is the representative of the light industry, few studies have analyzed the evaluation index system of circular economy. Since the current material flow analyses have limitations that the researchers cannot calculate materials with different units. The authors take advantage of the intrinsic correlation between the basic principle of value flow analysis and circular economy, and then analyze the dynamic changes of material flow and value flow through enterprises internal production process. Considering the resource output, the authors set up the layered structure of the evaluation index system, and then preliminarily determine the index form. Next, the authors use the frequency statistics analysis method to adjust indicators, forming a preliminary index system. After that, the principal component analysis and independent analysis are applied for screening. Finally, the authors build a circular economy evaluation index system for papermaking enterprise to provide scientific guidance for the process of circular economy.

关键词： circular economy     the papermaking enterprise     material flow analysis     value flow analysis     evaluation index system    

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Multi-Component Resource Recycling from Waste Light-Emitting Diode Under Hydrothermal Condition: Plastic

Yongliang Zhang,Lu Zhan,Zhenming Xu,

《工程（英文）》 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2023.04.008

摘要： Light emitting diodes (LEDs) have accounted for most of the lighting market as the technology matures and costs continue to reduce. As a new type of e-waste, LED is a double-edged sword, as it contains not only precious and rare metals but also organic packaging materials. In previous studies, LED recycling focused on recovering precious and strategic metals while ignoring harmful substances such as organic packaging materials. Unlike crushing and other traditional methods, hydrothermal treatment can provide an environment-friendly process for decomposing packaging materials. This work developed a closed reaction vessel, where the degradation rate of plastic polyphthalamide (PPA) was close to 100%, with nano-TiO2 encapsulated in plastic PPA being efficiently recovered, while metals contained in LED were also recycled efficiently. Besides, the role of water in plastic PPA degradation that has been overlooked in current studies was explored and speculated in detail in this work. Environmental impact assessment revealed that the proposed recycling route for waste LED could significantly reduce the overall environmental impact compared to the currently published processes. Especially the developed method could reduce more than half the impact of global warming. Furthermore, this research provides a theoretical basis and a promising method for recycling other plastic-packaged e-waste devices, such as integrated circuits.

关键词： Waste LED     Hydrothermal treatment     Recycling     Plastic PPA degradation     Packaging materials    

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Encapsulation of polyethylene glycol in cellulose-based porous capsules for latent heat storage and light-to-thermal

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第8期   页码 1038-1050 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2279-3

摘要： Phase change materials are potential candidates for the application of latent heat storage. Herein, we fabricated porous capsules as shape-stable materials from cellulose-based polyelectrolyte complex, which were first prepared using cellulose 6-(N-pyridinium)hexanoyl ester as the cationic polyelectrolyte and carboxymethyl cellulose as the anionic polyelectrolyte to encapsulate polyethylene glycol by the vacuum impregnation method. Furthermore, the multi-walled carbon nanotube or graphene oxide, which were separately composited into the polyelectrolytes complex capsules to enhance thermal conductivity and light-to-thermal conversion efficiency. These capsules owned a typical core–shell structure, with an extremely high polyethylene glycol loading up to 34.33 g∙g‒1. After loading of polyethylene glycol, the resulted cellulose-based composite phase change materials exhibited high thermal energy storage ability with the latent heat up to 142.2 J∙g‒1, which was 98.5% of pure polyethylene glycol. Further results showed that the composite phase change materials demonstrated good form-stable property and thermal stability. Moreover, studies involving light-to-thermal conversion determined that composite phase change materials exhibited outstanding light-to-thermal conversion performance. Considering their exceptional comprehensive features, innovative composite phase change materials generated from cellulose presented a highly interesting choice for thermal management and renewable thermal energy storage.

关键词： cellulose     polyelectrolytes     phase change materials     thermal energy storage     light-to-thermal conversion    

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Solvates and polymorphs of clindamycin phosphate: Structural, thermal stability and moisture stability

Junbo Gong, Dejiang Zhang, Yuanyuan Ran, Keke Zhang, Shichao Du

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第2期   页码 220-230 doi: 10.1007/s11705-017-1624-4

摘要： Clindamycin phosphate (CP), an antibacterial agent, has been reported to form several solid-state forms. The crystal structures of two CP solvates, a dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solvate and a methanol/water solvate (solvate V), have been determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction. The properties and transformations of these forms were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, Single-crystal X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, thermo gravimetric analysis, hot-stage microscopy, and dynamic vapor sorption. Very different hydrogen bonding networks exist among the host-host and host-solvent molecules in the two crystal structures, resulting in different moisture stabilities. The thermal stabilities of the two solvates upon heating and desolvation were also studied. When the temperature was above the boiling point of methanol, solvate V converted to a polymorphic phase after a one step desolvation process, whereas the desolvation temperature of the DMSO solvate was below the boiling point of DMSO. At the relative humidity above 43%, the DMSO solvate transformed to a hydrate at 25 °C. In contrast, solvate V did not transform at any of the humidities studied.

关键词： clindamycin phosphate     solvate     crystal structure     thermal stability     moisture stability    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Immobilization of

Xiaokai SONG,Zhongyi JIANG,Lin LI,Hong WU

期刊论文

Continuous reaction performances of benzene alkylation with long chain olefins catalyzed by ionic liquid

QIAO Congzhen, LI Chengyue

期刊论文

Design method and verification of a hybrid prosthetic mechanism with energy-damper clutchable device for transfemoral amputees

期刊论文

Copper fractal growth during recycling from waste printed circuit boards by slurry electrolysis

期刊论文

EXPLORING THE RECYCLING OF MANURE FROM URBAN LIVESTOCK FARMS: A CASE STUDY IN ETHIOPIA

期刊论文

Energy storage resources management: Planning, operation, and business model

期刊论文

Assessing the potential of crop residue recycling in China and technology options based on a bottom-up

Lili QU,Tianzhu ZHANG,Wei LU

期刊论文

资源循环

邱定蕃

期刊论文

加快我国新能源汽车动力电池回收利用的建议

赵世佳,徐楠,乔英俊,杨波

期刊论文

Optimal Timing and Recycling Operation Mode for Electro-Mechanical Products Active Remanufacturing

Wang Gao,Tao Li,Shi-tong Peng,Liang Wang,Hong-chao Zhang

期刊论文

Recycling Materials from Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment

Jinhui Li

期刊论文

The Building of Papermaking Enterprise’s Recycling Economy Evaluation Index System Based on Value Flow

Zhi-fang Zhou,Jing Ou,Sha-sha Wang,Xiao-hong Chen

期刊论文

Multi-Component Resource Recycling from Waste Light-Emitting Diode Under Hydrothermal Condition: Plastic

Yongliang Zhang,Lu Zhan,Zhenming Xu,

期刊论文

Encapsulation of polyethylene glycol in cellulose-based porous capsules for latent heat storage and light-to-thermal

期刊论文

Solvates and polymorphs of clindamycin phosphate: Structural, thermal stability and moisture stability

Junbo Gong, Dejiang Zhang, Yuanyuan Ran, Keke Zhang, Shichao Du

期刊论文